呼吸机相关性肺炎的预防策略与实践

Ventilator-associated pneumonia：preventive strategies and practice

呼吸机相关性肺炎是儿科重症监护病房机械通气患儿最常见的医院感染之一，可引起住院时间和重症监护病房留治时间延长，医疗成本增高，导致重症患儿的病死率增加。如何预防呼吸机相关性肺炎是儿科重症医学领域刻不容缓的任务。本文主要阐述儿童呼吸机相关性肺炎的流行病学、高危因素、预防策略及其实践方法，并介绍儿科患者的呼吸机相关性肺炎预防策略的相关指南。

Ven tilato r-associated pneumonia （ VAP） is one fo the most common nosocomila infec-tions of mechanically ventilated children in PICU.VAP not only contributes to prolong ed hospital and PICU lengt h of stay,but asl o icn reaseds medical cost,mortality and mo rbility in critiac lly ill children.It′s an urgent task to prevent VA P in pediatrici ntensive care medicine.The aimo f the articel was to intor duce the epidemi-ology,risk factors,prevention strategya nd practice in children.The article reviewed guidelines of strategies to prevent VAP in pediatric patients.