国内外高速铁路轮轨硬度匹配研究与应用综述

Comprehensive Review of Study and Application of Wheel-rail Hardness Matching in Domestic and Foreign High Speed Railways

车轮和钢轨的硬度匹配研究是轮轨关系研究中的重要内容之一。从相关标准、硬度匹配的试验研究、实际应用情况与存在的问题几个方面,介绍国内外高速轮轨硬度匹配的研究与应用现状。对比分析中国、日本和欧洲国家高速轮轨硬度匹配的异同和各自特点。结合我国高速铁路近年来遇到的轮轨硬度匹配问题,借鉴其他国家的应用实例和经验,提出调整轮轨材料硬度来应对车轮凹形磨耗和多边形磨耗的研究方向以及开展轮轨材料/硬度匹配理论研究的建议。

The study on wheel-rail hardness matching is one of the key contents when studying the wheel-rail relationship. With a view to relevant standards,test study on hardness matching,practical application and existing problems,the article introduces to the study and application of high speed wheel-rail hardness matching in China and foreign countries. It makes a comparative analysis of the similarities, differences and respective features of high speed wheel-rail hardness matching in China,Japan and European countries. In combination of wheel-rail hardness matching problems that have occurred in recent years in the domestic high speed railways, by learning from application examples and valuable experience of other countries,the article proposes to regulate the hardness of materials for wheels and rails to copy with concave wear and polygonal wear of wheels,suggesting to conduct a theoretical study on wheel rail materials and hardness matching.