锂离子电池和金属锂离子电池的能量密度计算

Calculation on energy densities of lithium ion batteries and metallic lithium ion batteries

锂电池是理论能量密度最高的化学储能体系,估算各类锂电池电芯和单体能达到的能量密度,对于确定锂电池的发展方向和研发目标具有重要的参考价值。本工作根据主要正负极材料的比容量、电压,同时考虑非活性物质集流体、导电添加剂、黏结剂、隔膜、电解液、封装材料占比,计算了不同材料体系组成的锂离子电池和采用金属锂负极、嵌入类化合物正极的金属锂离子电池电芯的预期能量密度,并计算了18650型小型圆柱电池单体的能量密度,为电池发展路线的选择和能量密度所能达到的数值提供参考依据。同时指出,电池能量密度只是电池应用考虑的一个重要指标,面向实际应用,需要兼顾其它技术指标的实现。

Lithium batteries have the highest theoretical energy densities among all electrochemical energy storage devices. Prediction of the energy density of the different lithium ion batteries（LIB） and metallic lithium ion batteries（MLIB） is valuable for understanding the limitation of the batteries and determine the directions of RD. In this paper, the energy densities of LIB and MLIB have been calculated by considering the active electrode materials and inactive materials inside the cell. For practical applications, energy density is essential but not the only factor to be considered, other requirements on the performances have to be satisfied ina balanced way.