橡胶树胚珠离体培养与体胚植株再生的研究

Studies on Ovule in Vitro and Somatic Embryo Regeneration of Hevea brasiliensis

对8个品种橡胶树未授精胚珠离体培养试验结果,8个品种都诱导出愈伤组织,其中6个品种诱导出胚状体,3个品种获得体胚植株。试验结果表明:不同品种橡胶树未授精胚珠在诱导愈伤组织、继代增殖、胚分化和植株再生培养存在很大差异,热研8-79、云研73-46愈伤组织的诱导率高,但未能分化出胚状体;云研73-477、RRII105等品种,愈伤组织的诱导率低,但继代增殖培养时能诱导出新鲜的胚性愈伤组织,获得体胚植株;云研77-2、云研77-4诱导出的是畸形胚,未获体胚植株,但其胚状体诱导率比用花药诱导的高,有希望通过进一步研究,优化培养方法、培养条件,最终构建出这两个抗寒高产优良品种的体胚植株再生体系。

Experiment of unfertilized ovule in vitro was contucted. Of eight Hevea rubber tested varieties, callus was induced in all, but only six varieties have embryoid and somatic embryo plant can be obtained from three varieties. The results indicated that there are significant difference in callus induction, multiplication, embryo differentiation and plant regenation of unfertilized ovule of different varieties. The induction of callus in Reyan 8-79 and Yunyan 73-46 is the highest, but there is no embryoid. Some varieties have low callus induction and somatic embryo plant can be obtained from the fresh embryonic callus in culture of multiplication like Yunyan 73-477 and RRII105. Although abnormal embryo are found in clone Yunyan 77-2 and Yunyan 77-4, which are quality varieties against cold with high yield, their induced rate of embryoid are higher than that of from anther. Further research is necessary to establish a system of somatic embryo regenaration of this two varieties with optimized culture methods and conditions.