我国女子标枪运动员技术特征与训练特点研究

Technique and training characteristics of Chinese elite female javelin throwers

运用文献资料法、跟踪法、访谈法及录像分析法,对国家队以及国内优秀运动员技术特征与国际优秀运动员进行对比。研究结果显示,与国际优秀运动员相比,国内运动员在出手参数方面仍存在一定差距,运动员出手速度偏低,出手速度是决定运动成绩的重要因素但不是唯一因素;出手角度呈偏大趋势;躯干倾角过小、冲量步过小而制动步过大,膝关节角度与国际优秀运动员一致。外教对标枪技术的理解与训练理念值得我们学习,研究主要从"旋转"掷标枪技术、肩关节力量训练、运动员发力顺序以及训练特征四个方面加以介绍。

Chinese female javelin throwers have achieved great results both in Inchon Asia Games and Beijing World Championships,Zhang Li winning the gold medal in Asia Games,and Lv Huihui winning the silver medal in World Championships.Foreign javelin coaches’training theory and un-derstanding on technique had a deep influence on Chinese athletes.By using literature review,trac-ing method,interview and video-tapes,this paper made a comparison on the technique character-istics of domestic and international elite female javelin throwers.The results show that there is still a gap in release parameters between domestic athletes and international elite athletes.The release ve-locity is a decisive element to distance rather than the only parameter;Chinese athletes’release ve-locity is slow.Release angle tends to be larger,angle of trunk and impulse step are small while the delivery step is too long.In view of the above,we need to have a deep understanding on foreign coa-ches’technique and training theory,and this paper mainly introduce the four aspects：rotational throwing,shoulder joint strength training,force sequence and training characteristics.