滴灌条件下不同灌溉量对芹菜耗水量和水分利用效率的影响

Water consumption and water use efficiency of drip-irrigated celery with different irrigation amounts

为揭示滴灌条件下不同灌溉量对芹菜耗水量和水分利用效率的影响,以期为温室芹菜高产、优质、高效栽培及节水灌溉提供科学依据,设置5个灌溉量处理(T1:117.5 mm/hm^2;T2:160.0 mm/hm^2;T3:202.5 mm/hm^2;T4:245.0 mm/hm^2对照(CK)287.5 mm/hm^2),进行温室内小区试验,分析不同灌溉量对芹菜产量、耗水量和水分利用效率的影响。结果表明,不同灌溉量处理0~40 cm深土壤贮水量和芹菜耗水量分别呈T3>T4>CK>T2>T1和CK>T4>T3>T2>T1的趋势;同时各处理土壤贮水量变化呈随芹菜栽培时间延长而下降、收获期又回升的趋势。不同灌溉量处理水分利用效率和灌溉水利用效率均呈T1>T2>T3>T4>CK的趋势。耗水量与灌溉量间达到0.01显著正相关水平,与水分利用效率、灌溉水利用效率间分别达到0.01和0.05显著负相关水平。灌水量小于253 mm/hm^2时,芹菜产量与灌溉量间呈极显著正相关关系。芹菜产值与灌水量也成正比关系,T4处理收益与对照持平,同时还可节水14.78%。建议高效日光温室芹菜滴灌栽培灌溉水定额为245 mm/hm^2。

Five irrigation treatments（ 117. 5 mm/hm^2 for T1,160. 0 mm/hm^2 for T2,202. 5 mm/hm^2 for T3,245. 0mm/hm^2 for T4,287. 5 mm/hm^2 for CK） were set for celery irrigation in a plot experiment to study the effects of irrigation amounts on water consumption,water use efficiency（ WUE） and celery yield. At the soil depth of 0-40 cm,water storage and consumption followed the order of T3〉T4〉CK〉T2〉T1 and CK〉T4〉T3〉T2〉T1,respectively,and soil water storage declined over time and then picked up at harvest. Both WUE and irrigation efficiency of different treatments followed the order of T1〉T2〉T3〉T4〉CK.Water consumption showed a significantly positive correlation with irrigation amount（ P〈0. 01）,and significantly negative correlations with WUE（ P〈0. 01） and irrigation efficiency（ P〈0. 05）.The celery yield had a significantly positive correlation with irrigation amount under 253. 0mm/hm^2. The output of celery also exhibited a significantly positive correlation with irrigation amount. With 14. 78% less water consumption than CK,the income of T4 is equal to CK. Irrigation quota at 245. 0 mm/hm^2 and 30. 0 mm/hm^2 per irrigation was recommended for celery in greenhouse.