慈溪市梨农药残留膳食摄入风险评估

Dietary intake risk assessment of pesticide residue in pears in Cixi city

为了给梨安全食用、质量管理和农药最大残留限量值设定提供可靠依据,在2009—2013年对慈溪市生产的61批次梨样品进行了农药残留定量检测分析,分别用急性膳食摄入风险(%ARf D)和慢性膳食摄入风险(%ADI)指标进行农药残留膳食摄入风险评估,用大份餐(LP)、每日允许摄入量和体质量计算最大残留限量估计值(e MRL)。结果表明,近5年来慈溪市梨农药残留检出率为60.66%,超标率为0。三唑酮、氯氟氰菊酯、氯氰菊酯、三唑磷和毒死蜱等5种农药检出率较高。检出的7种农药的慢性膳食摄入风险(%ADI)在0.008 5%至2.380 0%之间,均值为0.400 0%,风险均可接受;除三唑磷急性膳食摄入风险(%ARf D)为460.00%外,其他农药急性膳食摄入风险(%ARf D)在0.21%至19.92%之间,均值为4.97%,风险也均可接受。在检出的7种农药中,甲氰菊酯最大残留限量值(MRL)过松,氯氰菊酯、氰戊菊酯和三唑酮最大残留限量值均过严,三唑磷在梨中没有相关限量标准。因此建议三唑磷、氯氰菊酯、氰戊菊酯、三唑酮和甲氰菊酯的最大残留限量值分别设为0.1 mg/kg、4.5mg/kg、2.0 mg/kg、3.0 mg/kg、3.0 mg/kg。

To provide a reliable basis for the safety consumption,quality management,and establishment of maximum residue limits（ MRLs） for pesticides in pear,the pesticide residues in 61 pear samples collected from Cixi were detected in 2009—2013 to assess the risk of chronic dietary intake and acute dietary intake of pesticide residues in pears by%ADI and%ARf D. Estimated maximum residue limits（ e MRLs） of 7 pesticides were calculated with acceptable daily intake（ ADIs）,large portion consumed（ LP）,and body weight（ bw） of consumer. The results showed that the detectable rate of pesticide residues in the past 5 years was 60. 66% and no pesticide was out of limits. Five kinds of pesticides including triadimefon,cyhalothrin,cypermethrin,triazophos and chlorpyrifos were highly detectable. The chronic dietary intake risk of the 7 pesticides presented acceptable %ADI between 0. 008 5%—2. 380 0%,with an average of 0. 400 0%. The risk of acute dietary intake（ %ARf D） of the 7 pesticides was between 0. 21%—19. 92%,with an average of 4. 97% except for triazophos（ 460. 00%）. The maximum residue limits（ MRLs） was too lenient for fenpropathrin and too strict for cypermethri,fenvalerate,and triadimefon. Therefore,MRLS for 5 pesticides（ triazophos,cypermethrin,fenvalerate,triadimefon and fenpropathrin） were suggested to be 0. 1 mg/kg,4. 5 mg/kg,2. 0 mg/kg,3. 0 mg/kg and 3. 0 mg/kg.