正畸患者对女性上颌中切牙和侧切牙牙龈高度不对称的审美评价

Esthetic perception of female maxillary central incisor and lateral incisor gingival margin asymmetries for orthodontic patients

目的调查正畸患者对女性上颌中切牙和侧切牙牙龈高度变化的关注程度和审美评价。方法建立女性上颌中切牙和侧切牙牙龈向切端偏移的模型(上颌中切牙和侧切牙牙龈向切端偏移0.5 mm、1.0 mm、1.5 mm和2 mm),利用调查问卷对正畸患者进行调查。结果上颌中切牙和侧切牙左右牙龈对称和上颌中切牙牙龈向切端偏移0.5 mm时,是患者认为最美观的笑容;上颌中切牙和侧切牙牙龈向切端偏移1.0 mm时,患者开始察觉上颌中切牙和侧切牙牙龈不对称(P<0.05);上颌中切牙和侧切牙牙龈向切端偏移1.5 mm到2.0 mm时,患者认为已经影响了美观和笑容(P<0.05)。结论上颌中切牙和侧切牙牙龈不对称的牙龈高度变化1.0 mm到1.5 mm以上时,患者开始察觉和开始认为影响了美观和笑容。

Objective To investigate the esthetic perceptions of female maxillary central incisor and lateral incisor gingival margin asymmetries for orthodontic patients. Methods Female maxillary central incisor and lateral incisor gingival margin asymmetries models were set up. The distance from the gingival margin of the center incisor and lateral incisor to the incisor edge was set as 0.5 mm, 1.0 mm, 1.5 mm and 2.0 mm. A questionnaire was designed to investigate the esthetic perceptions of gingival margin asymmetries. Results In general, the most attractive smiles for the orthodontic patients were the ones without asymmetries or with a 0.5-1.0 mm asymmetry（P〈0.05）. The patients could be initiated the difference by an asymmetry of 1.0 mm, and the asymmetries with 1.5-2.0 mm were not acceptable for anesthetics（P〈0.05）. Conclusion The perceptions of anesthetic asymmetries in the gingival margin levels of the female maxillary central incisor and lateral incisor gingival margin were 1.0-1.5 mm, and this statics is somewhat clinically instructive.