支气管哮喘患者健康焦虑的研究

Study on health anxiety in asthmatic patients

目的:探索哮喘患者健康焦虑(HA)的严重状况及其影响因素。方法:140例哮喘患者及年龄、性别匹配的143例健康对照者纳入研究,所有哮喘患者完成哮喘控制测试(ACT)、中文版简式健康焦虑量表(CSHAI)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、多伦多述情障碍量表(TAS-20)及艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)等一系列调查问卷评估,而健康对照者均完成CSHAI评估。结果:哮喘患者HA发生率为30.71%。HA哮喘患者与非HA哮喘患者比较,SDS得分、TAS-20总分及情感识别困难因子得分、神经质人格得分均显著增高。CSHAI及其分量表与SDS、情感识别困难因子、神经质人格均呈显著正相关。且上述3个变量及情感描述或交流困难因子在HA的预测模型中占回归的36.3%。结论:哮喘患者HA状况严重且受抑郁情绪、情感识别及描述困难、神经质人格的影响,哮喘患者不仅需要关注躯体健康,由此引发的心理问题也不容忽视。

Objective： To explore the level of health anxiety（ HA） and its influencing factors in asthmatic patients. Methods： One hundred and forty asthmatic patients and 143 healthy controls（ HCs） were enrolled in this study. Asthmatic patients completed a series of questionnaires,including asthma control test（ ACT）,Chinese version short health anxiety inventory（ CSHAI）,Zung self- rating depression scale（ SDS）,20- item Toronto alexithymia scale（ TAS-20） and Eysenck personality quesionnaire（ EPQ）,and HCs were assessed by CSHAI.Results： The prevalence of HA in asthmatic patients was 30. 71%. Compared with non-HA asthmatic patients,patients with HA had significant higher scores of SDS,TAS total,the first factor of TAS,and neuroticism. CSHAI,Illness Likelihood（ IL） and Negative Consequence（ NC） were positively correlated with SDS,the first factor of TAS and Neuroticism,respectively. The above three variables accounted for 36. 3% in the regression,which was used to predict HA. Conclusion： HA is serious in asthmatic patients,and is also influenced by depressive emotion,difficulty in identifying and distinguishing feelings,and neuroticism. Psychological intervention and selfmanagement are essential for patients with asthma.