农村地区50岁及以上高血压患者血压控制情况及其影响因素研究

Study on the control status of blood pressure and influencing factors among rural patients with hypertension aged 50 and older

目的：分析农村50岁及以上高血压患者血压控制情况及其影响因素。方法：采取分层随机抽样方法调查江苏省3个区（市）12个乡镇50岁及以上高血压患者1 211人,应用Logistic回归分析患者血压控制的影响因素。结果：农村50岁及以上高血压患者血压控制率为32.62%,文化程度、家庭收入、体质指数、饮食口味是患者血压控制的显著性影响因素（P〈0.05）,其中文化程度较高（OR=1.508,95%CI为1.110-2.050）、饮食清淡（OR=1.316,95%CI为1.030-1.683）的患者其血压控制率相对较高,而肥胖（OR=0.613,95%CI为0.414-0.907）、家庭收入高（OR=0.659,95%CI为0.482-0.902）的患者其血压控制率较低。结论：卫生人员应以通俗易懂的形式开展健康教育,加强患者饮食、运动锻炼等方面指导,促使患者低盐低脂饮食、合理控制体重,以达到降低血压的目的。

Objective： To analyze the control status of blood pressure and influencing factors among rural patients with hypertension aged 50 and older. Methods： One thousand two hundred and eleven hypertensive patients aged50 and older were investigated by stratified random sampling method in twelve townships of three districts（ city） of Jiangsu province. Logistic regression analysis was applied to analyze the factors influencing the control of blood pressure among hypertensive patients aged 50 and older. Results： The control rate of blood pressure among hypertensive patients aged 50 and older was 32. 62%. Education,family income,BMI and taste of diet were the significant influencing factors（ P〈0. 05）. The control rate of blood pressure among the patients with higher education（ OR = 1. 508,95% CI 1. 110- 2. 050） and light diet（ OR = 1. 316,95% CI 1. 030- 1. 683） was relatively high. But the control rate of blood pressure among the fat（ OR = 0. 613,95% CI 0. 414- 0. 907） and high-income（ OR = 0. 659,95% CI 0. 482- 0. 902） patients was relatively low. Conclusion： Health personnel should carry out health education in understandable ways,give patients some instructions on diet and exercise,and urge them to have a diet of low salt and fat and control their weight so as to lower the blood pressure.