北京市居民体育活动参与和服务需求现状

Current Situation of Sports Participation and Service Demand of Residents in Beijing

采用问卷调查和数理统计法,对北京市16个区县、2个经济开发区居民以街道、乡镇为抽样框进行随机抽样和入户问卷调查,共抽取样本量3 316个。采用描述性统计方法,对数据进行百分比统计分析、描述,并进行卡方统计分析。研究结论:比较2001年、2008年、2014年北京市3次现状调查结果,参加体育活动的人数和体育人口的百分比逐次增高;不参加体育活动的人数百分比逐次减少。北京市女性居民体育人口高于男性1.42百分点。北京市居民参加体育活动的前3位动机是,增强体力与健康、消遣娱乐、防病治病;参加体育活动的前8位内容是健步走、跑步、健身路径、羽毛球、排舞、骑车、乒乓球、门球,前2类体育活动与全国相同都是场地设施依赖程度低、体育技能要求低、体育装备要求低的"三低"项目。北京市居民前3项体育服务需求排序为体育活动场地、体育健身组织、国民体质监测。国民体质监测已上升到首要体育服务需求的第2位。北京市居民首要体育需求的选择性差异较大。

By using the methods of questionnaire and mathematical statistics,this paper makes random sampling and household questionnaire survey on the 16 districts and counties of Beijing,2 residents of economic development zone in the streets,towns and villages,a total of 3316 samples were taken.Descriptive statistical method was used to analyze and describe the percentage of the data,and the Chi square statistical analysis was performed.Conclusion：compared with 2001,2008,in 2014,three times survey results in Beijing,to participate in physical activity and sport population percentage of successive increased;not to participate in sports activities in the percentage of the number of successive reduction.The sports population of female residents in Beijing is 1.42 percentage points higher than that of men.Beijing residents in three motivation for sports activities,enhance physical strength and health,recreation and entertainment,disease prevention and cure;participate in the first eight contents of sports activities is brisk walking,running,fitness path,badminton,dance,cycling,table tennis,croquet,the first two sports activities is low dependence on facilities,low sports skill requirement and low sports equipment requirement.Beijing residents in the first three sports service needs sort of sports venues,sports fitness organizations,the national physical fitness monitoring.National physical fitness monitoring has risen to the top second sports service needs.The difference of the primary sports demand of the residents in Beijing is great.