超低温全身冷冻预冷却对女子橄榄球运动员下肢爆发力影响的实证研究

Empirical Research of Influence of Whole Body Cryotherapy Pre-cooling on the Lower Limbs Power of Female Rugby Players

选取12名女子橄榄球运动员作为实验对象,实验组6人10min准备活动后进行超低温全身冷冻(WBC,-120℃)预冷却120s,对照组6人仅做10 min准备活动,然后对WBC后即刻、10 min、20min、30min 4个时刻进行CMJ和SJ起跳高度和功率进行测试,对测试结果进行重复测量方差分析和多变量方差分析。研究结果:如果准备活动后进行WBC预冷却作为提高神经肌肉兴奋性的一种手段,对女子橄榄球运动员CMJ和SJ起跳高度和功率没有产生促进作用反而产生抑制作用。WBC后即刻到WBC后30min时间内,CMJ和SJ的高度值与时间呈显著性二次方关系,即WBC后即刻纵跳高度下降并逐渐在第10min时刻达到最低点,然后逐渐回升。WBC后第10min时刻的CMJ和SJ的起跳功率值均达到最低值,然后逐渐回升。女子橄榄球运动员准备活动后进行WBC对CMJ和SJ这种单次努力完成的爆发性动作没有促进作用。

This paper selected 12 female rugby players as research objects,of which 6 players from the experimental group undergo whole body cryotherapy （WBC,-120℃ ） after 10 min warm-up exercise,while the 6 players from the control group just finish 10 min warm-up exercise,then test CMJ and SJ height and power at the moment of after WBC and the tenth minute,the twentieth minute and the thirtieth minute after WBC.The results were analyzed by repeated measured ANOVA and multivariate ANOVA.There was no promotion effect on CMJ and SJ height and power instead of inhibition on female rugby players,when making WBC as a way of stimulation of neuromuscular system.The relationship between the height of CMJ and SJ and the time both were quadratic significantly,at the time of after WBC immediately and the thirtieth minute after WBC,which means the height of CMJ and SJ both gradually decrease and attain the minimum at the time of the tenth minute after WBC,then gradually increase.The power of CMJ and SJ both attain the minimum at the time of the tenth minute after WBC.There was no promotion effect for only one repeat powerful movement such as CMJ and SJ when female rugby players underwent WBC after warm-up.