确立患者知情同意权的合理性与可行性研究

The Rationality and Feasibility of Establishing the Patients' Informed Consent Right

2010年施行的《侵权责任法》以专门的章节规定了医疗损害责任,并为医务人员如何向患者及其家属履行告知义务设置了专门的制度与程序,从而保障患者对其患病状况及医疗措施的知晓与自我决定。然而,《侵权责任法》作为民事权利的保障法只规定了医务人员的告知义务与医疗机构的赔偿责任,却没有也无法确立患者的知情同意权,并且包括《民法通则》在内的我国现行法律法规对于患者是否享有知情同意权,以及该权利的具体权利内容等问题均鲜有提及。而该问题却是司法实践中大量存在、亟待解决,且对于患者的权益保障以及医疗机构的免责减责等具有重要价值的现实问题。

The law of the tort liability sets the special act to specify the medical liability for damage in 2010, and set up special institution and procedure to fulfill its obligation to inform medical personnel to patients and their families, thus ensuring patients right for its illness condition and knowledge of medical measures and self-determination. However, the act of tort liability as the protection of civil rights only set the inform obligation of medical staff and the pay compensation of medical institutions, but not establish patients right of informed consent. And in large numbers of the judicial practice there are many problems to be solved for the rights and interests of patients and medical institutions of liability, which has practical value.