《古事记》中的词义异变类型分析

An Analysis of the Type of Meaning Variations in the Kojiki

日本文献《古事记》(712)用汉字写成,基本为汉文却有所变异。故其词义与汉语不尽相同。本文从语义学的角度,采用共时的研究方法,尝试分析其与汉语词义的差异,并将其异变归纳为义位的异变、异域的异变、义位与异域均异变三种类型。这对于研究汉日语词汇比较及日本语言文字史均具有一定的理论与现实意义。

As an early example of Japanese literature, the Kojiki was written with Chinese characters, but the meaning of the characters differs from the Chinese in some aspects. This paper analyses the differences between the Japanese words in the Kojiki and Chinese words which were used in the same period by adopting a synchronic research method from the view of semantics. It concludes that there are three types of variations： variations in sememe; variations in semantic field; and variations in both sememe and semantic field. This conclusion has theoretical and practical significance in the research on the history of Japanese language and characters.