土地冲突:公共权力失范与农民的权力建构

Land Conflict: Public Anomie and Farmers' Power Construction

本文以典村"卖地"冲突、"乌坎事件"和S村征地冲突3个个案为表述对象,对当下土地冲突中公共权力失范与农民权力建构进行了分析。研究表明,在农村土地资本化和市场化运作中,特定公共权力难以受到约束,这激发了农民利用集体行动、村民自治和话语表达来建构权力的冲动。当然,所谓农民权力建构实际上只是一种在法律框架内寻求支援的借力行为,表面上看具有"权力对抗"的性质,实则没有任何反体制属性,而且往往也难以取得维护自身合法权益的效果。本文研究明晰了土地冲突中权力行动的一般逻辑,并为土地冲突与政治秩序之间包容性方案的设计提供了理论基础。

This article provides an analysis of public anomie and farmers' power construction within the context of land conflicts.Three cases are illustrated,namely,conflicts arising from the land sale in Dian village,Wukan Event and land expropriation conflicts in S village.The study shows that the anomie of public power is a key factor causing land conflicts.Specifically,farmers tend to fight for power by way of collective action,village autonomy and discourse construction in the case of non-constraints on specific public power.Farmers' power construction can be regarded as a strength-borrowing behavior with the purpose of seeking support within the judicial framework.It seems to reflect a power confrontation.However,it would be mistaken to interpret it as a form of public resistance against the authorities,and it barely helps farmers to safeguard their legal interests.By analyzing the logic of power and action in land appropriation and conflicts,the study provides a theoretical basis for designing an inclusive solution in land conflicts and political order construction.