自我管理教育对原发性痛经的影响

Effect of self-management education on primary dysmenorrhea

目的：探讨自我管理教育对原发性痛经（PD）的影响。方法2014年10月至2015年6月对湘南学院临床医学系（2012-2014级）1842名女生以问卷调查形式进行筛查，将其中患PD的312例女生分为A组和B组，每组156例。A组进行有针对性的自我管理教育，B组不采取任何措施，比较实施教育前后各项指标的差异和两组痛经情况。结果 A组患者健康意识加强，并在饮食控制、运动锻炼、卫生情况、防寒防潮、自我治疗等生活方式和行为教育等方面明显改善；痛经人数减少，与B组比较，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论通过实施自我管理教育可帮助PD患者掌握PD相关知识，从而在日常生活中通过自身所学有效地控制PD引起的不适，以及对工作、学习的影响，达到促进女性身心健康的目的。

Objective To explore the effect of self-management education on primary dysmenorrheal （PD）. Methods A total of 1 842 female students（grade 2012-2014） from the faculty of clinical medicine in our university from October 2014 to June 2015 were screened by using the questionnaire survey. Among them ,312 female students with PD were divided into the group A and B,156 cases in each group. The group A conducted the pertinent self management education and the group B did not take any measures. The various indicators differences between before and after implementing the education and the PD situation between the two groups were compared. Results The health consciousness after implementing the self-management education in the group A was enhanced,moreover the aspects of lifestyles and behavior education such as the diet control,exercise training, health situation,cold protection and moistureproof,self treatment were significantly improved;the number of PD was significantly decreased,the differences compared with the group B were statistically significant （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Implementing the self-management education may help the PD patients to master the PD related knowledge ,thus can effectively control PD caused dis-comfort in daily life by self learning,overcome the PD′s influence on work and study,and reach the target for promoting female physical and mental health.