颠覆英国传记传统的书写策略——剖析伍尔夫《奥兰多:一部传记》

Strategy of Writing a Revolutionary Biography——Dissection of V. Woolf's Orlando:a Biography

弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫的《奥兰多》虽然是一部"传记",但同时也是一部"反传记"实验之作,它在某种程度上颠覆了英国的传统传记观。对《奥兰多》的书写策略进行剖析,可以发现伍尔夫通过对传主身份、线性叙事秩序等传统传记观的调侃和戏拟,以貌似妥协实则抗争的策略大胆实验了"革命"性的新传记。尤其是心灵时间的运用,其对传记叙事模式的影响比对意识流小说的影响更重要,它不仅扰乱了传统传记的线性叙事模式,而且将情感和想象等虚构成分纳入了传记的"事实"范畴。

With an ostensible subtitle of ＂a biography＂, Virginia Woolfis Orlando is rather an innovative and experimental anti-biography, a subversion of the British biography tradition to a large extent. A dissection of Orlando, its parody techniques and the fusing with fictitious elements, reveals the strategy that Woolf employs to write this revolutionary biography-- resistance of the tradition under the disguise of obedience. The ＂spiritual time＂ threaded in narration throughout Orlando is perhaps more significant in altering the methods of biographical narration than in its impact on stream-of-consciousness novels, not only because it disturbs the traditional linear narrative, but also because it brings psychological activities such as emotions and fantasies into the genre of biography as ＂facts＂.