元代西夏遗裔三旦八事迹考

Story of the Descendant of Xixia in Yuan Dynasty:SAN Dan-ba

三旦八,斋名山堂,汉名旦景初,是一个喜爱与儒生交游,爱好书画、琴艺、诗文的西夏遗僧。他受元英宗提拔,于至治年间(1321—1323)在功德司开启了仕途,历官肃政廉访司佥事,云南行省右丞、平章,宣徽院使等官职。至正十二年(1252),三旦八外任江浙行省平章,率宿卫军镇压天完红巾军政权。他在战争中注重招降纳叛,并倚仗地方豪强的势力,先后克复了杭、湖、饶等州县,一度稳定了元末江浙行省的局势。至正十九年(1259),三旦八开分省于兴化,与政敌般若帖木儿同室操戈,相互攻讦,引发了持续十年的亦思巴奚兵乱。作为这场动乱的始作俑者,三旦八应对元廷统治秩序在福建的崩坏负有一定责任。

The surname of SAN Dan - ba is Shan- tang. His Han name is DAN Jing - chu. He is a descendant of Xixia who loves chat with intellectuals, painting and calligraphy, music and poem. He gets promotion of YUAN Ying-zong and starts his official career from Gong De Division in Yuzhi years. He takes the official position of Si -lian in Anti-corruption Division, junior secretary and manager in Yunnan province and officer in Xuan Hui department respectively. In the 12th year of Zhizheng （ 1252 ）, SAN Dan - ba took the posi- tion of manager in Jiangsu and Zhejiang province. He led army to suppress Red Turban Regime of Tianwan country. In the war, he paid attention on recruiting deserters and traitors, and relied on local powerful and rich force successively retaking the counties such as Hang, Hu and Rao. He once stabilized situation in Jiangsu and Zhejiang province. In the 19th year of Zhizheng （1259）, SAN Dan - ba divided province in Xinghua and had fratricidal strife with his political opponent Tamerlane, sequentially caused Ispah Rebellion which lasted for ten years. As the initiator of this unrest, SAN Dan-ba should take the responsibility for the loss of ruling of Fujian by Yuan.