西方民生建设背景下政府职能的演变及特征

The Transform of Government Functions from the Perspective of Western Livelihood Construction

作为公共权力的代表,政府职能也随着社会环境不断改善。从早期社会保障制度的确立及对政府职能的初步肯定,到全能型政府下福利国家的建设,再到市场化改革潮流中有限政府的改善,最终走向中间道路理论下的政府改革,这一系列的政策的演进体现出西方福利制度演进过程中政府职能的不断优化,具有重要的研究意义。

As a representative of public authority, government tunction development along with the continuous improvement of the social environment. From the early establishment of the social security system and a preliminary affirmation of government functions to the all - function construction of the welfare state, then to the improvement to limited government in the background of market reform, and ultimately to the reform of the government under the theory of middle road, all these policy evolutions reflected the continuous optimization of the government function which had important value to research. Combining with the western experience, the contemporary livelihood construction should focus on economic sphere rather than only on political one, fulfill the national function which is an elementary principle, make the political institution as a principal content, highlight the function of government in the process and optimize the content and way continuously which have connection with the welfare provision.