钢中摩擦磨损白层的研究现状

Investigation of white layer resulting from friction and wear in steel

综述了国内外对白层的研究现状,指出了当前白层研究中存在的分歧和争论,分析归纳了表面白层的特征和形成机制,重点讨论了钢轨运行过程中白层的组织结构及形成机制,提出了今后的研究方向。同时用扫描电镜对车轮钢切削白层和钢轨钢中的白层进行观察分析。结果表明,车轮钢切削加工和钢轨运行时,表面组织均发生动态的塑性变形和再结晶,原奥氏体晶粒细化,在随后的冷却的过程中形成马氏体。

The domestic and foreign investigations about the white layer were reviewed.The divergence and controversy were pointed out.The formation mechanism and characteristics of surface white layer were analyzed.Also,the microstructure and formation mechanism of white layer during operation of wheel rail was emphatically discussed.Besides,several directions in future research were presented.Meanwhile,both the cutting white layer of wheel steel and white layer of rail steel was observed using SEM.The results indicate that both dynamic plastic deformation and recrystallization happen during either cutting process of wheel steel or operation of rail.Moreover,original austenite grains are refined and transformed into martensite in subsequent cooling process.