官厅水库浮游植物功能群季节演替及其驱动因子

Relationships Between Environmental Variables and Seasonal Succession in Phytoplankton Functional Groups in the Guanting Reservoir

官厅水库是北京市重要的水源地,其生态环境问题一直深受社会关注。以浮游植物功能群调查为基础,于2010年春夏秋三季对官厅水库进行生态调查,根据水库水环境特征,在永1000、妫1018＋1、河口3个不同生境区域设置采样点,进行浮游植物水样采集。共鉴定出浮游植物112种（包括变种）,分属于6门52属。浮游植物种类组成：绿藻门23属49种,占种类总数的43.75%;硅藻门12属34种,占30.36%;蓝藻门10属19种,占16.96%;裸藻门4属7种,占6.25%;甲藻门2属2种,占1.79%;隐藻门1属1种,占0.89%。浮游植物丰度秋季（8 889.97×10~4个/L）〉夏季（7 157.39×10~4个/L）〉春季（868.97×10~4个/L）,三季均值为5 638.78×10~4个/L。3个季节里浮游植物划分为18个功能群,代表性功能群的季节演替为春季（F/MP/H1/C/D/G/W1）→夏季（Tc/M/Wo/C/N/X3/LM）→秋季（Tc/H1/C/D/W1/P）。利用典范对应分析方法,对同步取得的p、TN、TP、WT等环境因子与浮游植物功能群分之间的相关性进行分析。结果显示,WT、p、TP、NH_4-N是官厅水库浮游植物功能群演替的主要驱动因子。

The Guanting reservoir is the important water source in Beijing,its environment problems have be paied more and more attention by people. On the basis of phytoplankton functional group survey,in 2010,spring,summer,autumn three seasons for the Guanting reservoir ecological investigation,according to the characteristics of the reservoir water environment in the reservoir area,river,estuary three set samples in different habitats,the phytoplankton water samples. In the survey,we identified 112 phytoplankton species that belonged to 52 genera and 6 phyla. Quantitative analysis showed that Phytoplankton abundance autumn（ 8 889. 97 × 10~4 ind / L） summer（ 7 157. 39 × 10~4 ind / L） spring（ 868. 97 × 10~4 ind / L）,three seasons average value is 5 638. 78 × 10~4 ind / L. Three seasons phytoplankton is divided into 18 functional group,the dominant functional groups of the seasonal succession： Spring（ F / MP / H1 / C / D / G / W1） → Summer（ Tc / M / Wo / C / N / X3 / LM） → Autumn（ Tc /H1 / C / D / W1 / P）. We used canonical correspondence analysis to analyze the relationships between environmental variables and the seasonal succession of phytoplankton functional groups. Results showed that seasons succession in the phytoplankton functional groups was largely determined by interactions between electrical conductivity,total phosphorus,ammonia nitrogen and water temperature. Data suggest that the Guanting reservoir may have been eutrophic during the study period. Nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations were above water quality standard thresholds.