不同生长年限园参形态与皂苷合成相关性研究

Relations Between Morphology and Saponin Synthesis of Cultivated Ginseng in Different Growth Years

以不同生长年限园参为试材,测定园参根各部位的生物量、比根质量和比根长,描述园参生长过程中形态学变化;利用紫外分光光度法及高效液相色谱分析皂苷含量及组成,结合酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)检测皂苷合成途径相关酶活性。结果表明:随生长年限的增加,园参须根的比根质量及比根长变化最大;皂苷含量以及皂苷合成相关酶法尼基二磷酸合酶(FDPS)、鲨烯环氧酶(SE)、鲨烯合成酶(SS)和环阿屯醇合成酶(CAS)活性均与生长年限呈正相关关系;初步发现了园参形态生长变化、功效物质皂苷合成与生长年限之间的关系,为传统的从形态学评价人参质量提供理论依据。

Taking cultivated ginsengs in different growth years as experimental materials,of which root biomass and root weight and longer were measured,the change on the grow process at the morphological level was described.Then the content and composition of ginsenosides of cultivated ginsengs in different growth years were tested by ultraviolet spectrophotometry and high performance liquid chromatography and the activities of the key enzymes related to ginsenoside biosynthesis were detected by enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay（ELISA）.The results showed that the changes of fibrous root weight and length were the largest with the increase of growth years.There was a positive correlation between the growth years and the content of ginsenosides and between the growth years and the activities of farnesyl diphosphate synthase（FDPS）,squalene epoxidase（SE）,squalene synthase（SS）and cycloartenol synthase（CAS）.This study preliminary found the relationship among the morphological changes,ginsenoside biosynthesis and the growth years of cultivated ginsengs.It provided theoretical foundation for the traditional ginseng quality evaluation in morphology.