澳门行政诉讼中的民众诉讼:立法与司法实践

Public Action in Macao Administrative Litigation: Legislation and Judicial Practices

民众诉讼来源于古罗马法,在近现代,很多国家(地区)再次对其进行研究并在立法上得到确认。澳门《行政诉讼法典》中明确规定了民众诉讼制度,其原告资格广泛,保护的利益具有普遍性,适用普通司法上诉的程序。遗憾的是因为澳门特殊的历史与现实原因,至今没有一例民众诉讼的案件发生,这在一定程度上体现了澳门居民对于民众诉讼认识的欠缺。尽管如此,澳门有关民众诉讼的规定仍具有积极的宪政意义。

The public law suit comes from the ancient Rome law. In recent times,many countries have made a research on it and confirmed it in legislation. M acao 'code of administrative proceedings'stipulates the public litigation system clearly,w hich has the plaintiff qualifications,the protection of the interests of universality,the application of ordinary judicial appeal procedures. Unfortunately,because of M acao's special historical and practical reasons,there is no case of a public law suit until now,w hich in a certain extent reflects the people of M acao residents lack the aw areness of the public litigation. In spite of this,the provision of the public litigation still has a positive constitutional significance.