腊叶标本快速定型干燥装置的研制及在安徽省中药资源普查中的应用

Development of rapid setting-drying device for herbarium specimens and its application in survey of Chinese materia medica resources in Anhui

腊叶标本是植物分类工作的基础,是教学、科研和资源调查等不可或缺的媒介,也在中药鉴定和中药生产中发挥着重要的作用。优质的腊叶标本对植物完整性、平整度、色泽及制作效率都有较高的要求,而运用传统方法制作的腊叶标本易形变,变色,且制作周期长,为此设计了一种腊叶标本快速定型干燥的装置。应用该装置定型干燥的标本具有平整、鲜艳,不易霉变等特点,并且一次干燥量大,效率高。文章分析了传统腊叶标本制作方法的不足,介绍了腊叶标本快速定型干燥装置的结构及工作原理,讨论了该装置在腊叶标本定型干燥过程中的作用及在安徽省中药资源普查中的应用。结果表明,该装置设计合理,干燥均匀性好,效率高,安全,便于携带,为植物腊叶标本的制作提供了新的思路,值得在中药资源普查过程中推广与应用。

Herbarium specimens are the basis for the plant classification and indispensable media in teaching,scientific research and resources investigation. They have also played an important role in identifying and producing traditional Chinese medicine. Highquality herbarium specimens shall meet high requirements for integrity,smoothness,color and fabricating efficiency. Therefore,we designed a rapid setting and drying device for herbarium specimens,which could make the herbarium specimens smooth,colorful and not easy to mildew. In this paper,we pointed out the deficiency of traditional methods in making herbarium specimens,and introduced the structure and working principle of the device. Besides,we also discussed the effect of the device in setting and drying herbarium specimens and its application in the fourth national survey of the Chinese material medica resources（ CMMR） in Anhui province. As a result,the device provides new ideas for producing herbarium specimens,with a reasonable design,good uniformity,high efficiency,safety and portability,and so is worthy of promotion and application in the national survey of CMMR.