3种龙胆属药用植物叶中主要有效成分的积累

Accumulation of Main Active Ingredients in the Leaves of Three Gentianaceous Medicinal Plants

采用高效液相色谱法测定同一产地的坚龙胆、头花龙胆和微籽龙胆叶中的龙胆苦苷(1)、獐芽菜苦苷(2)、獐芽菜苷(3)和苦龙胆酯苷(4),并将其叶的HPLC指纹图谱与坚龙胆根及根茎的指纹图谱进行对比,以单因素方差分析法分析其叶中主要有效成分的积累。结果表明坚龙胆和头花龙胆叶中的1、2含量极显著高于微籽龙胆(P<0.01),微籽龙胆叶中3、4含量极显著高于坚龙胆和头花龙胆(P<0.01)。坚龙胆根及根茎与坚龙胆、头花龙胆叶的指纹图谱相似度较高(0.999和0.991),成分差异较小;而与微籽龙胆叶指纹图谱相似度极低,成分差异较大。

An HPLC method was applied for the determination of the active ingredients such as gentiopicroside （1）, swertiamarin （2）, sweroside （3） and amarogentin （4） in the leaves of Gentiana rigescens Franch., G. cephalantha Franch., and G. delavayi Franch., from the same origin. Their HPLC fingerprints were compared with those of the roots and rhizomes of G. rigescens Franch.. The accumulation of the main active ingredients in the leaves were evaluated by one-way ANOVA analysis. The results showed that the accumulations of compounds 1 and 2 in the leaves of G. rigescens Franch. and G. cephalantha Franch. were significantly higher than those in G. delavayi Franch. （P〈0.01）, while the accumulations of compounds 3 and 4 in the leaves of G. delavayi Franch. were significantly higher than those in G. rigescens Franch. and G. cephalantha Franch. （P〈0.01）. The fingerprint similarities between the leaves of G. rigescens Franch,, G, cephalantha Franch. and the roots and rhizomes of G. rigescens Franch. were high （0.999 and 0.991）. Their main active ingredients were also similar. However, the fingerprint similarity of G. delavayi Franch. （leaves） was low, and their main active ingredients were quite different.