黄石市3家企业职工对职业卫生服务认知和需求现状调查及其影响因素分析

Investigation on understanding occupational health service status among enterprises employees in Huangshi City

目的了解企业职工对职业卫生服务的认知和需求状况,并分析影响职工职业卫生服务认知的因素,为构建适合于不同层次职工职业卫生培训模式提供借鉴。方法采用系统抽样方法选择湖北省黄石市3家企业的90名职工为调查对象,通过问卷调查了解职工对职业卫生服务的认知情况。利用EpiData3.1建立数据库,采用SPSS 17.0软件对数据资料进行描述,对影响职业服务认知、需求的影响因素进行二分类非条件Logistic回归分析。结果职工对职业卫生服务总体认知平均值为(5.44±1.57),职业卫生服务总体需求平均值为(5.49±0.99);性别(P<0.05,OR=0.14)、家庭人均月消费情况(P<0.05,OR=3.88)和工作过的企业数(P<0.05,OR=0.57)为职业卫生服务认知水平的影响因素,家庭人均月消费水平越高者对职业卫生服务认知情况越高;与企业的雇佣关系(P<0.1,OR=0.66)是职工的职业卫生服务需求的影响因素。结论不同消费层次的职工对职业卫生服务认知情况存在较大差异,用人单位和相关部门应针对上述特点,对企业职工开展多元化的职业卫生健康宣传和教育工作,合理配置职业卫生服务资源。

Objective To investigate the understanding and needs of occupational health service for enterprise employees,and analyze factors affecting worker＇s understanding of the occupational health services,in order to build occupational health training pattern based on the needs from employees at different level.Methods Method of random sampling was applied and 90 employees from three companies in Huangshi City of Hubei province were selected as the subjects for the study.An questionnaire covering cognition level of occupational health service content was developed for the investigation.Epidata 3.1 was used to establish a database.Descriptive analysis of data was made using SPSS 17.0software,and Logistic statistics analysis was conducted.Results Average cognition of occupational health service was 5.44±1.57 and the average need of occupational health service was 5.49±0.99.Gender（P〈0.05,OR =0.014）,consumption situation of Household per capita monthly（P〈0.05,OR =3.38）,and the amount of enterprises workers had been worked in（P〈0.05,OR=0.138）were the influence factors for staff＇s cognitive level.The influence factors of occupational health service needs of the worker were the enterprise employment relationship（P0.1,OR=0.66）.Conclusions Based on the above characteristics,enterprises and their human sources departments should carry out the diversity of the occupational health education and propaganda work,rationally allocate occupational health service resources according to different consumption levels of employees,and further expand enterprise workers health insurance coverage in order to provide basic medical and health care for the employees.