全动垂直尾翼的抖振主动控制方法研究

STUDY OF ACTIVE BUFFETING CONTROL METHODS OF FULLY-MOVABLE VERTICAL TAILS

全动垂尾结构不同于铰接方向舵的垂直安定面结构。该文深入研究了全动垂尾抖振响应的压电驱动控制、垂尾旋转控制以及混合压电控制和垂尾旋转控制的三种主动控制方法。使用压电驱动的载荷比拟方法对压电纤维复合材料(MFC)驱动器进行建模,利用偶极子格网法计算随体空气动力。采用线性二次型高斯最优控制(LQG)方法分别设计三种模型的控制律。分析三种控制模型的抖振响应,研究其控制效果的差异,并进行比较。结果表明:压电控制因受控制电压和压电功放所限,控制效果有限;垂尾旋转控制由于受限于控制频率,对高频激励控制效果不明显;混合控制方法兼具垂尾旋转控制和压电控制两种方法的优点,能同时降低低阶模态和高阶模态上的能量,从而扩大了控制频率的范围,因此其控制效果最好;最后,通过具有不同结构参数的全动垂尾模型的算例,验证了混合抖振控制方法的可行性和有效性。

Fully-movable vertical tail structures are different from vertical stabilizer structures with rudders. Three active control methods including piezoelectric control, vertical tail rotation control, and hybrid piezoelectric control and vertical tail rotation control of fully-movable vertical tails are studied. The electrodynamics of macro fiber composite （MFC） actuators are modeled by the load simulation method of using a piezoelectric actuator and the motion-induced aerodynamic forces are calculated by the doublet-lattice method. The control laws of the three models are designed using the linear quadratic Gaussian （LQG） method. The buffeting responses of the three control models are analyzed, and afterwards the differences and comparisons of the control effect of those models are investigated. The results show that the control effect of the piezoelectric control is limited due to the limitation of the control voltage and the piezoelectric power amplifier. Because the vertical tail＇s rotation control is subject to its own control frequency, its control effect is not obvious for high-frequency excitation. The hybrid control method combines the advantages of the vertical tail rotation control and the piezoelectric control, by which the energy in low-order and high-order modes are all reduced, thus the scope of control frequency is markedly expanded. Therefore, the control effect of the hybrid control is the best. Finally, numerical examples with different structural parameters for the fully-movable vertical tails verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the hybrid buffeting control method.