中国盐湖卤水主要成矿元素分布特征及其资源禀赋综合评价

Distribution Characteristics of Main Ore-forming Elements in Brines of Salt Lakes and Comprehensive Evaluation of Resource Endowment for These Elements in China

我国350多个盐湖湖表卤水水化学成分综合研究表明,成矿元素K、Li、B主要分布在青藏高原地区,但新疆一些富K、B盐湖也具有较好的开发潜力。我国盐湖卤水中的Br、I、Rb、Cs呈现明显的区域分异,富Br和I盐湖主要分布在内蒙古的中东部,而Rb和Cs则主要分布在青藏高原地区。我国盐湖区按主要成矿元素禀赋情况可以分为3种类型,K+B+Li资源综合利用型;K+B(Li)资源综合利用型以及单一的K(B或Li)资源利用型。青藏高原地区的盐湖卤水矿床以前两者为主,新疆和内蒙的盐湖则以后两者为主。

Comprehensive studies on hydrochemical components of surface brine of more than 350 salt lakes in China show that ore-forming element of K,Li and B is mainly distributed in Qinghai- Tibet Plateau,While some salt lakes enriched in K and B in Xinjiang with better exploitation potential. There is an obvious areal differentiation for the ore-forming elements of Br,I,Rb and Cs. Salt lakes enriched in Br and I is mainly on middle and eastern Inner Mongolia and Rb and Cs are relatively richer in salt lakes of Qinghai- Tibet Plateau area. According to endowment of main ore-forming elements,salt lakes in China can be are divided into three types： comprehensive K ＋ B ＋ Li type,comprehensive K ＋ B（ Li） type and simple K（ B or Li） type. Brine deposits of salt lakes in Qinghai- Tibet Plateau belong mainly to the former two types,and those in Xijiang and Inner Mongolia the latter two types.