各美其美 和而不同——五首同名钢琴曲《小河淌水》比较研究

Appreciation of Diverse Beauties,Harmony With Individuality:Comparative Studies on Five Pianoludes Entitled Flowing River

《小河淌水》原是一首流行于云南地区的汉族山歌,素有"东方小夜曲"的美誉。近代以来,先后有多位作曲家据此创编了钢琴作品。其中,比较有代表性的有赵行道、朱践耳、阿拉波夫、麦丁、丁善德等。这些钢琴曲尽管取材相同,但由于作曲家独特的审美取向及创编手法,从学理上也具有了比较研究的学术意义。研究选例前述五位作曲家的作品,以作品创作的年代为序,首先对不同作品进行较为详尽的音乐本体研究,从中探寻作品个性化的艺术创作特色。进而,将五首作品纳入整体研究视域进行系统比较研究。从继承与创新看,尽管这些作品都是为西洋乐器钢琴量身定做,但依然呈现出民族化的音乐形态,体现了对中国传统音乐文化的继承,同时,在创编技法方面,又有对国外先进作曲技术理论的借鉴,无论是技术手法还是作品的内涵诉求等方面都在进行更多更新的探索和实践。

Flowing River （Xiaohe Tangshui） is a Han folk song popular in Yunnan province and it is called the ＂Oriental Serenade＂. Recently, several composers adapted the original Flowing River into piano music and the representatives among them are those adapted by Zhao Xingdao, Zhu Jian＇er, Alabofu, Mai Ding and Ding Shande, etc. Though these pianoludes are based on the same subject, they are of academic values in comparative studies because of the unique aesthetic perspective and adapting methods of the individual composers. Therefore, this paper, after selecting these five composer＇s works according to the time se- quence, examine the music per se for each works so as to investigate the unique art features in the individual creation process. Afterwards, these five pieces of work are considered in a holistic approach for a systematic comparative study. In terms of inheritance and innovation, though these works were tailored for the Western instruments, they still demonstrate ethnic music form which then reveals inheritance of Chinese traditional musical culture. Meanwhile, in terms of adaptation techniques, foreign advanced composition theory is borrowed. Therefore, more new exploration and experiment are being carried out in relation to not only the techniques but also the content appeal in the work.