云南南涧彝族“跳菜”传承现状分析及发展思考

Abstract: Analysis of Yi People's Tiaocai Dance in Nanjian County of Yunnan Province and Reflections on Its Development

2008年被列为国家级"非物质文化遗产项目"的南涧彝族"跳菜"已经重新成为当地盛行的风俗。对云南彝族"跳菜"的研究,过去多侧重于对其艺术本体问题进行考察。本文从传承人视角研究"跳菜"的传承状况,按演出形式将其分为"原生跳菜""舞台跳菜""宾馆跳菜""学校跳菜"四个类别,并对其存在着的音乐传承失语、职业培训班学员就业难、"跳菜"缺乏技艺创新等问题进行探讨,提出了重视音乐的传承、着力提高技艺、强化产业运作等举措,力谋走出一条促其发展的创新之路。

The Nanjian Tiaocai Dance, which was listed as ＂the National intangible cultural heritage＂ in 2008, is now revitalized as a popular local custom. Previous studies of the Tiaocai Dance mostly focused on its artistic entity. This article, however, attempts to investigate the current situation of the inheritance of Tiaocai Dance from the perspective of the inheritors, and therefore classifies the Tiaocai dance into four types according to its performing styles, namely the original style Tiaocai, the staged Tiaocai, the restaurant Tiao- cai and the school Tiaocai. Furthermore, this article explores the problems that still exist in the transmission process, such as the omission of the Tiaocai music in the inheritance, the difficult employment of vocational students, and the stagnation of technique innovation in Tiaocai, etc. Consequently, this paper proposes to attach more importance to the music inheritance, promote the performing techniques, and enhance the operation of cultural industry, so as to maintain the sustainable development of the artistry of the traditional Tiaocai dance.