短期摄入含盐猪骨汤对大鼠饮食和体重的影响

Effect of short-term ingestion of salt-containing pig bone soup on dietary behavior and body weight of rats

骨汤营养物质丰富,是生活中的常见饮食。为此,以SD大鼠为研究对象,通过自由取食骨汤替代全部饮用水的方式研究了添加不同种类和浓度盐的骨汤对动物进食量、饮水量、排泄量和体重变化的影响。实验结果表明:未加盐骨汤短期喂养对大鼠饮食、排泄和体重均无显著影响,但加入Na Cl、KCl和天然海盐的骨汤却呈现明显生理效应。具体表现为低盐骨汤趋于上调大鼠的饮水量、进食量和排泄量,却不影响大鼠生长速度,体重增量与纯水对照组无显著差异,提示低盐骨汤可能具有增进食欲、促进尿液排出和肠胃蠕动的功能;而高剂量盐有促进食欲、提高饲料转化率的趋势,容易加速体重增加。从营养和健康的角度,低盐含量的骨汤相较高盐骨汤更有利,同时盐的种类和配比也可改变骨汤的生理和健康功能。该研究首次对添加于骨汤中盐的表观生理效应作了直接测定和初步探究,发现同等计量Na Cl在水溶液和骨汤中的生理效应差异较大。

Pig bone soup is a nutritious and tasty daily food. Using healthy SD rats as animal model, the pig bone soup, containing different dose and kind of salts, was given to rats（free access, replacing water） and tested for its impacts on feed intakes, water or bone soup intake, faeces amount and body weight. The results imply： bone soup without additional salts did not affect the ingestion, excretion and body weight. While the addition of sodium chloride, potassium chloride and sea salts in the soup excretion but did not change the growing speed of body weight at low salt dosage（0.3%, w/v） in comparison to water control group, indicating bone soup containing low dose salts may promote appetite, gastrointestinal motility and urination. In contrast, the soup increased both appetite and feed conversion efficiency at high salt dosage（0.78%%, w/v）, eventually increased the growing rate of body weight. In general, the different dose, type and formula of salts affect the physiological function of bone soup, whereas less salt are considered healthier from controlling the body weight point of view. This study directly measures and preliminarily investigated the impact of salts in pig bone soup, a classic and complex food system, on the physiological appearance of rats, whereas distinct impacts were observed in comparison to water solution.