尼龙成核剂的研究与进展

Research and Progress of Nucleating Agents for Nylon

尼龙材料在工程塑料、纤维材料中占有重要的地位,且随着近年来合成长链尼龙单体生产的实现,其应用更受关注。尼龙材料的性能与材料的聚集态结构中结晶结构密切相关。成核剂是一种用于改变结晶型聚合物的结晶度和结晶形态,加快结晶速率并改善聚合物性能的加工助剂。常用的尼龙成核剂可以分为无机成核剂、有机成核剂、复合成核剂三类。该文以聚合物结晶理论和成核剂作用机理为基础,介绍不同种类成核剂的加入对尼龙的晶型、结晶速率、结晶度、拉伸强度、弯曲性能、冲击强度以及透明度等结构与性能上的影响。

Currently,nylon materials play an significant role in engineering plastics and fabric materials. Its application are supposed to capture more and more attention along with the success made in synthesizing and manufacturing long-chain nylon monomer in recent years. The properties of nylon materials are closely related to the crystal structure of the material＇s condensed structure. Nucleating agent is a kind of additive which is widely used to change the crystalline grade and the crystal form,improve the crystallization rate and then enhance the properties of the crystalline polymers. Some nucleating agents using in nylon can be categorized into inorganic nucleating agents,organic nucleating agents and nucleating agents compound. Based on the crystallization theories of polymer and the nucleating mechanism,relationship between structures and properties of nylon material were discussed in this review,including crystal morphology,crystallization rate,crystalline grade,tensile strength,bending strength,impact strength,and transparency.