河南省2009至2014年疑似预防接种异常反应监测分析

Analysis on surveillance of suspected adverse events following immunization in Henan Province,2009-2014

目的:分析河南省2009至2014年疑似预防接种异常反应(AEFI)的发生特征,评价疫苗安全性。方法:通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统AEFI信息管理系统,收集河南省2009至2014年报告的AEFI个案数据,采用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果:河南省2009至2014年共收集AEFI个案13 282例,年均报告发生率为54.41/100万剂,其中严重AEFI 356例,报告发生率为1.46/100万剂。男女性别比为1.36∶1;2岁以下儿童占71.33%;报告病例主要集中在洛阳、郑州和焦作等地。报告数最多的疫苗是吸附无细胞百白破疫苗(4 070例),报告发生率最高的是7价肺炎疫苗(790.00/100万剂),严重AEFI报告发生率最高的为麻疹疫苗(56.19/100万剂)。AEFI一般反应临床损害以发热、红肿、硬结为主,异常反应以过敏反应性疾病为主。所有AEFI中,治愈或好转占98.93%。60例死亡病例中,异常反应死亡18例。结论:较低的严重AEFI报告发生率和较好的预后提示河南省疫苗安全性良好。

Aim：To analyze the occurrence features of suspected adverse events following immunization （ AEFI） in Henan Province,2009-2014, and to provide the basis for evaluation of vaccine safety.Methods：2009-2014 AEFI data were collected through the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System for AEFI information manage-ment system.The descriptive methodology was used in the study.Results：A total of 13 282 AEFI cases were reported in Henan Province 2009-2014,and the reported incidence rate was 54.41 per 1 000 000 doses, in which, 356 cases were serious AEFI and the reported incidence rate was 1.46 per 1 000 000 doses.The ratio of male to female was 1.36：1, cases〈2 year old accounted for 71.33%, and the reported cases were mainly concentrated in Luoyang, Zhengzhou, and Jiaozuo .The largest number of cases of vaccine was Adsorbed Diphtheria , Tetanus and Acellular Pertusis Combined Vac-cine（4 070 cases）, the highest reported incidence rate of vaccine was 7 pneumococcal conjugate vaccine （790.00 per 1 000 000 ） , and the highest reported incidence rate of serious AEFI was measles vaccine （ 56 .19 per 1 000 000 ） .The main symptoms of common vaccine reactions were fever , local swelling and indurations , the main diagnosis of rare vac-cine reactions was anaphylactic disorders.Out of all AEFI cases, 98.93%were recovered or got better.In 60 death ca-ses, 18 were rare vaccine reactions.Conclusion：Lower incidence rate of serious AEFI and better prognosis showed that vaccine safety is good in Henan Province .