脾脏外科手术的发展与创新

The development and innovation of the splenic surgery

脾脏外科历经400多年的发展,最终明确了“选择性脾切除”的基本原则.随着“保脾”观念的加强,外科技术的改良和提高,脾脏外科在保脾手术和巨脾切除术方面都取得了长足进步.在保脾方面,尽力避免了无辜性脾切除,通过以脾部分切除取代脾完全切除或者精准切除病灶尽可能保留脾脏功能;而在必须切除脾脏的情况下,尤其是巨脾切除术,通过一系列的技术改良也提高了手术的安全性.随着科技的发展,脾脏外科也在与时俱进,不断创新.腹腔镜和机器人技术为脾脏外科带来了新的活力,其临床应用价值正在不断被发掘和拓展,发展前景广阔.

The splenic surgery has a long history of 400 years and the basic principle of selective splenectomy is finally defined.With the enhancement of the notion of preserving spleen and the modifications and improvements of the technology,the splenic surgery has made great progress both in spleen-preserving surgery and splenectomy.For the sake of preserving spleen,innocent splenectomy is avoided as much as possible.Moreover,splenic function is preserved to the largest extent through the substitution of partial splenectomy for total splenectomy or the precise resection of the lesion.On the other hand,in some circumstances,the spleen cannot be preserved.The splenectomy with a series of improvements is very safe in spite of massive splenomegaly.With the development of the technology,the splenic surgery also keeps up with times and continuously innovates.The laparoscopic technology and robotassisted technology bring new energy to the splenic surgery,clinical values of which are being explored and expanded,with a wide development space.