高海拔隧道施工机械尾气排放影响及减排措施研究

Study of Influence of Harmful Exhaust of Tunnel Construction Machinery in High-altitude Areas and Its Countermeasures

海拔在4 000 m以上地区的雀儿山隧道采用钻爆法无轨运输施工时,在主洞掌子面附近测试空气中一氧化碳(CO)、二氧化碳(CO2)、一氧化氮(NO)、二氧化氮(NO2)、粉尘等污染物的含量,发现除CO以外的其他污染物在通风作用下均可达到隧道施工技术规范对空气质量的要求。为了分析解决CO含量超标的问题,通过对比分析爆破作业CO生成量、内燃机械的CO排放量和隧道内CO含量变化趋势,得出内燃机械在高海拔地区工作时CO排放量较大是导致隧道内CO超标的主要原因,同时提出采用尾气净化技术解决隧道施工通风中CO超标的难题。

Chola Mountain-crossing tunnel is located in high-altitude area（ higher than 4 000 m）; and it is constructed by drilling and blasting method. The harmful gas monitoring results show that the carbon monoxide（ CO） content can not meet the requirements of related criteria. Comparison is made among the variation of CO induced by drilling and blasting,that exhausted by diesel engine and that in tunnel; and the results show that CO exhausted by diesel engine is the main source. Finally,related countermeasures are proposed.