静穆之下:隐匿的狄奥尼索斯——温克尔曼的《拉奥孔》

Hidden Dionysus Element under Stillness:On Wincklemann's Laocoon

温克尔曼关于拉奥孔群像的描述,其前后期有所不同。早期强调拉奥孔群像的静穆的特征,后期则强调它的表现性。但两者之中,皆可见温克尔曼关于希腊精神的阐释中隐而未现的狄奥尼索斯之维。早期温克尔曼之所以无视拉奥孔群像的表现性特征,是因为他投身于启蒙运动的德国对抗巴洛克的文化运动之中。

Winckelman describeds the Laocoon sculptures in his Gedanken über die Nachahmung der griechischen Werke in der Malerei und Bildhauerkunst as well as Geschichte der Kunst des Altertums.But in the former,he regards it as a property of stillness,while,in the latter,he discovers the pathos expressed in it. Actually,we can find the hidden Dionysus element in both of them. In order to disclose this,the present paper analyzes Winckelmann’s description in a close way as well as a necessary comparison between Nietzschze and himself. Besides,mention is to be made that the reason why Wincklemann failes to mention the expressiveness in Laocoon in Gedanken über die Nachahmung der griechischen Werke in der Malerei und Bildhauerkunst,lies in his intentional tactics being against Baroque culture in his era.