山区高速公路门架式标志牌视认特性研究

Analysis of Eye Movement Characteristics of the Span Overhead Sign in Mountainous Expressway

为了研究山区高速公路不同路基形式下门架式标志牌处的驾驶人眼动特征,通过多条高速公路的实车试验,利用Smart Eyepro5.7眼动仪采集和记录驾驶人的眼动参数和注视行为。通过对行车录像的逐帧分解,得到了路堤和路堑的段数,并分别筛选出路堤和路堑的门架式标志牌路段数。采用视野平面法划分驾驶人行车视域,分别统计路堤、路堑和门架式标志牌各视域的注视分布情况;并对应驾驶人的眼动数据进行视觉适宜性和敏感性分析。结果表明:位于不同路基形式上,门架式标志对驾驶人眼动特征的影响具有显著性差异。在路堤段的视觉适宜性要高于路堑段,而路堑段的视觉敏感性要高于路堤段;路堤和路堑的右侧近处是驾驶人视觉较为敏感的区域;路堑段右侧近处的信息量较大,而路堤段右侧远处的信息量较大;道路前方是最敏感区域,信息量也最大。门架式标志牌是驾驶人的视觉适宜和敏感目标,驾驶人视点明显抬高,前方上侧是敏感区域。在同等条件下,门架式标志牌宜设置在路堑段。

In order to study the characteristics of drivers＇ eye movement of span overhead signunder different form of roadbed in mountainous expressway,through multiple highway of real vehicle test,the Eyepro5.7 Smart eye tracker was used to test and record the eye movement parameters and fixation behavior of driver.By frame decomposition of traffic video,attaining the number of the embankment and cutting,and screening the number of the span overhead signinembankment and cutting section.Dividing the vision of driving people with visual field plane method,countingthe fixation distribution of embankment,cutting and span overhead signenvironmentrespectively at all horizons,and analysing visual suitability andsensitivity of the drivers＇ eye movement data.Results show that the driver＇s eye movement characteristics are significantly differentwhen span overhead signarein different form of roadbed.The visual suitability of road embankment is higher than that of the cutting section while visual sensitivity is on the contrary; the right side nearby of both cutting section and road embankmentare driver＇s vision of a more sensitive area; right near the cutting section（ region 6） shows larger amount of information while far right side（ region 5）of the embankment shows larger amount of that; road ahead is the most sensitive area and shows the largest amount of information.Span overhead signare the driver＇s visual suitableand sensible object,driver＇s concerned points apparently elevating and the front upside（ region 4） is a sensitive area.The last but most important,under the same conditions,span overhead sign should be set in the cutting section.