鲁甸地震灾区饮用水水质监测结果分析

Analysis on the drinking water surveillance at earthquake area of Ludian

目的了解云南省＂鲁甸8.3地震＂后灾区饮用水水质变化情况,为政府制定灾区公共饮用水卫生安全干预措施提供科学依据。方法 2014年8月4日-10月3日,在鲁甸县地震重点受灾区域采集居民生活饮用水样品,并在现场实验室对水样进行9个核心指标的检测。检测结果按照来源、类型、时间、指标构成等分析合格率变化情况。结果共在274个不同类型水样采集点采集到700份水样,9项指标总体合格率为55.8%;各型水质以储水桶合格率最高,达81.1%;微生物指标及消毒指标合格率较感官指标合格率低;地震后期（37~40周）水质合格率为68.0%,明显高于地震初期的41.2%（32~33周）。结论鲁甸灾区饮用水水质灾后初期受到影响,经卫生部门采取措施干预,保障了地震后期水质合格率总体变化平稳。地震灾后主要影响水质卫生学标准的指标是微生物指标,提示地震灾后对饮用水进行水源管理和消毒工作至关重要。

Objective To understand the situation of water quality of Ludian in Yunnan province after the 8.3 magnitude earthquake, and to provide the evidence for public health intervention on water security during post-disaster. Methods From August 4, to October 3, 2014,we collected water samples at disaster-hazarded area. Nine core security indexes of drinking water samples were tested. The water source, type, collection time, and the distribution of indexes were analyzed. Results Among 700 drinking water samples which collected from 274 different types of water sources, the overall qualified rate on nine indexes was 55.8. The highest qualified rate among different sample types was water tank（81.1%）. Comparing with the sensory indicators, the qualified rate on microbiological index and disinfection index was lower; During the late period of earthquake, 37 to 40 weeks after earthquake, water quality（68.0%） was significantly higher than early period（32 weeks to 33 weeks） of earthquake（41.2%）. Conclusion Water quality is affected during the early period in Ludian disaster areas.After the related health control measures taken by health governance, the hygiene of water quality maintain a stable high level and the percent of pass is on the rise. The most affected index on water hygiene by earthquake disaster is microorganism index. Water management and water disinfection is crucial in earthquake area.