老年冠心病患者控烟现状及影响因素分析

Analysis on influential factors of smoking control among elderly patients with coronary heart disease

目的了解吸烟的老年冠心病患者对于吸烟问题的认识及控烟状况,探索戒烟成功与否的原因和影响因素,为帮其控烟提供参考方法。方法对574例有吸烟史的老年冠心病患者进行问卷调查,采用分组分析、logistic回归分析法等方法分析戒烟的影响因素。结果 574例有吸烟史的老年冠心病患者中,43.2%的患者目前已戒烟,56.8%的患者目前仍吸烟。戒烟成功者和目前吸烟者两组间文化程度、城乡居住、自感健康情况、吸烟有害认知、周围吸烟人群间差异有统计学意义。结论老年冠心病患者戒烟水平和意识仍有待提高;除现有的控烟政策外,应更加关注文化程度低、农村地区、居住环境多吸烟者的冠心病患者的控烟活动;在针对吸烟的冠心病患者控烟活动的同时对其家人和周围吸烟人群开展宣传控烟活动也是迫切需要的。

Objective To understand the attitude of elderly smoking patients with coronary artery disease toward smoking and status of smoking cessation and explore the causes and influencing factors of smoking-quit, to provide the reference method of smoking-quit for the patients effectively. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted for 574 smoking patients with coronary artery disease. The grouping methods and logistic analysis were used to explore the influence factors of smoking cessation. Results Among 574 elderly smoking patients with coronary artery disease, 43.2% of the patients stopped smoking and 56.8% of the patients were current smokers. There were significant differences between the smoking cessation group and current smoker group in education level, living standards in urban and rural areas, self-perceived health, learning about harms of smoking and smoker around them. Conclusion The level of smoking cessation and consciousness among elderly patients with coronary heart disease is still to be improved. Besides the existing tobacco control policies, the more attention should be paid for intervention tobacco control among the patients with low education background, living in rural area and many smokers around them. It is urgent to carried out propaganda activities of tobacco control to the patients,as well as their family members and surrounding smokers.