生存·生活·生命:论武术教化三境界

Survival,Livelihood and Life: Three Stages of Wushu Edification

文化的核心就是教化。在弘扬中华优秀传统文化的现代语境中,利用教化思想深化武术的文化研究、推进武术的文化传承,已成为当代武术研究的一个现实要求。利用文献资料法、实地调研法和专家访谈法对武术教化的对象(武术人)、手段(习武练拳)、内容(技能、道德和精神)、目标(生存"强者"、生活"能人"和生命"英雄")以及为达到这一教化目标而实施的一系列实践活动进行了系统探讨和研究,旨在总结传统武术教化经验为现代武术教学与改革提供借鉴与帮助。研究认为:教化是武术活动的核心价值,武术教化惯常于把身体训练、心理完善、道德培养、礼仪规范、行为约束等有形和无形的手段综合起来运用,既强调拳场中的技能培训,又注重结合日常生活使武术人在潜移默化中明事达理、完善人生,最终将武术人教化成生存环境中的"强者"、社会生活中的"能人"和生命意义上的"英雄"。

The core of culture is edification. In the modern context of carrying forward Chinese excellent traditional culture,it has become a realistic request of contemporary Wushu research to use edification thought for deepening the cultural study of Wushu and promoting Wushu culture inheritance. This paper analyzed Wushu edification on object（ the trainees）,method（ practice Wushu）,content（ skill,moral and spiritual）,and objective（ the survival strongman,the social elite,and the life hero）,and its series practice for edification purpose by the methods of literature review,field work,and expert interview. The aims of this study were to summary traditional Wushu edification experience and to provide reference for modern Wushu teaching. Research suggests： Edification is the core value of Wushu,is usual to apply tangible methods and intangible methods together to body training,mental improvement,moral cultivation,ritual norm,and behavior restriction. It emphasizes on skills training and pays attention to improve life in our daily life,and eventually educates the trainees to become the survival strongman,the social elite,and the life hero.