影响高校高水平游泳队女运动员成绩的训练学因素研究

Training Factors Affecting Swimming Achievement of Female College Swimmers

从训练学的角度调查研究影响高校高水平游泳队女运动员成绩的主要因素,以寻求更适合高校女游泳运动员的训练方法,对进一步探索高校游泳训练规律,促进高校游泳运动水平的提高有重要意义。通过文献资料法、调查法及访谈法对高校高水平游泳队部分女运动员的训练进行调查研究,并利用因子分析法,对影响成绩的因素进行分析。结果显示:女运动员进入高校后成绩下降较为普遍。节假日的训练、女生特殊的生理、心理变化、科学化训练、运动素质下降和训练量的减少是影响女运动员成绩的5大类主要因素。研究认为:学校应考虑对运动员和教练员给予更多的政策激励。教练员要在科学化训练方面实施一些应对措施以保障训练的质量,并多鼓励运动员、激发她们的训练热情,使其能够主动训练、创造佳绩。

This study aimed at investigating training factors affecting swimming achievement of female college swimmers from the training aspect,seeking more suitable training method for female college swimmers,which have important significance for detecting training rules and promoting swimming level in colleges. The training of some female swimmers in high level swimming team of colleges was investigated by the methods of literature review,investigation and interview; the influencing factors of swimmers＇ achievement were analyzed by factor analysis. Results： The achievement of female swimmers is going down after entering colleges in general. The holiday training,female special psychology and physiology,scientific training,decline of sports quality and the decrease of exercise volume are the five main factors affecting achievement. This research suggests that colleges should give more encouraging policies to swimmers. To guarantee the training quality,coaches should implement some measures in scientific training and encourage swimmers to inspire their enthusiasm in order to create better achievement.