老年膝关节骨性关节炎患者心理护理与抑郁的相关性研究

The relationship between psychological nursing and depression in the patients of senile knee osteoarthritis

目的研究老年膝关节骨性关节炎(KOA)患者心理护理与抑郁的相关性。方法选取2014年2月至2015年6月来我院就诊的膝骨骨性关节炎患者为研究对象,随机分为对照组和观察组,每组80例。两组患者均给予止痛和消炎处理。对照组采取常规护理模式,同时避免剧烈运动。观察组则在对照组的护理方法基础上,给予心理护理进行干预。采用老年抑郁量评定表(CDS-15)进行抑郁程度检测。采用症状自评量表(Symptom checklist-90,SCL-90)进行负性心理评定,主要包括:躯体化,强迫,焦虑,敌对,恐怖和偏执。结果护理干预后,观察组患者抑郁得分明显低于对照组,观察组无抑郁人数的比例明显高于对照组,而中度抑郁和重度抑郁的比例则明显低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在实施护理干预后,两组患者发生躯体化,强迫,焦虑,敌对,恐怖和偏执的程度均降低,但观察组的评分明显低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。且上多数负性心理均与抑郁呈正相关。结论膝骨骨性关节炎患者容易出现不良情绪,不仅会影响家庭的和睦,更会影响康复的效果,因此对于这类患者必须给予适当的心理干预,降低负性情绪的表达水平,缓解抑郁的症状,从而提高疗效和改善预后。

Objective To study the relationship between the psychological nursing and depression in elderly patients with osteoarthritis of the knee（KOA）. Methods From February 2014 to June 2015,the patients with knee osteoarthritis in our hospital were randomly divided into control group and observation group,80 cases in each group. Analgesia and anti-inflammatory treatment were given in the two groups. In the control group,routine nursing mode was adopted while avoiding strenuous exercise. The observation group was given psychological nursing intervention. Depression levels were detected using the Geriatric Depression Rating Scale（CDS-15）. Checklist-90 Symptom（SCL-90）was used to carry out the negative psychological evaluation,including ：the physical,compulsive,anxiety,hostility,terror and paranoia. Results After nursing intervention,the depression scores of the observation group were significantly lower than that of the control group,the proportion of the number of people without depression was significantly higher than that of the control group,the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. In the implementation of nursing intervention,the two groups of patients with physical,obsessive-compulsive,anxiety,hostility,terror and paranoia were reduced,but the score of the observation group was significantly lower than the control group,the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. And most of the negative psychological depression was positively correlated with depression. Conclusion The knee osteoarthritis patients prone to bad mood,not only will affect the family harmony,but also affect the effect of rehabilitation,so for this type of patients must be given appropriate psychological intervention,reduce the level of negative emotional expression,alleviate the symptoms of depression,so as to improve the treatment effect and improve the prognosis.