经产妇产后抑郁症发病情况及其影响因素分析

The situation of maternal postpartum depression and its influence factor

目的探讨经产妇产后抑郁症发病情况及其影响因素。方法采用调查问卷方法对2200例在山东省单县东大医院接收产后检查的经产妇进行分析,在调查的2200例经产妇中,收回问卷2168份,其中有效问卷2137份,问卷有效率98.57%。比较产后抑郁症分布情况及产后抑郁症单因素分析、多因素分析。结果在2137份有效问卷中,有65例被诊断为产后抑郁症,其中评分结果为0～8分,诊断为产后抑郁可能性较低的占82.87%,评分结果≥13分,诊断为产后抑郁症的占3.04%。不良孕产史、经产妇对胎儿性别期望、担心妊娠影响夫妻感情、对抚养孩子缺乏信心、将孩子视为负担等因素影响产后抑郁症的发生（P〈0.05）。不良孕产史（OR=20.950,P=0.000）、经产妇对胎儿性别期望（OR=6.716,P=0.002）、担心妊娠影响夫妻感情（OR=2.808,P=0.000）和对抚养孩子缺乏信心（OR=1.683,P=0.00）等是导致产后抑郁症产生的危险因素。结论不良孕产史、经产妇对胎儿性别期望、担心妊娠影响夫妻感情和对抚养孩子缺乏信心是导致产后抑郁症发生的重要因素,应充分发挥孕妇学校的作用,加强孕期健康宣教和心理辅导,发挥社会支持系统的作用,提高经产妇的心理健康状况,降低产后抑郁症的发生。

Objective To explore the situation of maternal postpartum depression and its influencing factors. Methods Questionnaire survey was carried on the multipara who received check in Dongda hospital,among the 2200 cases,a total of 2168 questionnaires were retrieved,and the number of valid questionnaires was 2137,the effective rate was 98. 57%. The distribution of the postpartum depression was compared,and single factor analysis and factor analysis were adopted for analysis. Results Among the2137 valid questionnaires,65 cases were diagnosed with postpartum depression. 82. 87% of the cases evaluated 0 to 8 points were diagnosed with a lower risk of postpartum depression,3. 04% of the cases evaluated ≥13 points were diagnosed with postpartum depression. Some factors affect the incidence of postpartum depression, such as history of abnormal pregnancy, fetus gender expectations,worrying about the impact on spouse affection,lacking of confidence on children raising,see children as burden and other factors. History of abnormal pregnancy,fetus gender expectations,worrying about the impact on spouse affection,lacking of confidence on children raising were the risk factors for postpartum depression,and the OR value was 20. 950,6. 716,2. 808 and 1. 683 respectively. Conclusion History of abnormal pregnancy,fetus gender expectations,worrying about the impact on spouse affection,lacking of confidence on children raising were the main factors for postpartum depression,it should be paid the role of pregnant women school,strengthen the prenatal health education and psychological counseling,play the role of social support system and improve the maternal mental health status,in order to reduce the occurrence of postpartum depression.