2014年大理州居民恶性肿瘤死亡及减寿分析

Mortality rate and potential years of life lost of cancer in Dali,2014

目的 2013年云南省死因监测系统数据分析显示,恶性肿瘤是导致云南省居民死亡的主要原因,并已成为严重威胁云南省居民健康的重大公共卫生问题。为了解云南省大理州居民恶性肿瘤死亡流行病学特征及寿命损失情况,根据2014年云南省死因监测系统资料,应用死亡率及潜在减寿年数等对大理州居民的肿瘤死亡情况进行分析,为制定恶性肿瘤防制工作措施提供依据。方法利用死因监测系统收集大理州居民2014年恶性肿瘤发病及死亡数据,分析恶性肿瘤的流行病学特征。采用Excel 2007计算2014年大理州各类恶性肿瘤的粗死亡率、标化死亡率、潜在减寿年数(potential years of life lost,PYLL)、减寿率(potential years of life lost rate,PYLLR)和平均减寿年数(average years of life lost,AYLL)等,以不同性别、不同年龄进行分层分析。结果2014年大理州恶性肿瘤死亡人数2 848例,死亡率为80.00/10万,标化死亡率为82.43/10万,占全死因构成比的13.61%。恶性肿瘤死亡率男性显著高于女性,且随年龄增长呈上升趋势。发病前5位依次为肺癌、肝癌、胃癌、肠癌、食道癌。恶性肿瘤死亡造成居民PYLL为41 021人年,PYLLR为11.52‰,AYLL为14.40年,其中肝癌的潜在减寿年数最高。结论大理州恶性肿瘤呈高发状态,其中肺癌,及以肝癌、胃癌、肠癌、食道癌为主的消化道肿瘤是严重危害当地居民健康最主要的恶性肿瘤,应作为防治重点。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the cancer incidence and mortality of residents in Dali area, which provides the scientific basis for malignant tumor prevention and control. METHODS The data on cancer incidence and mortality were provided by death surveillance system in Dali, and epidemiologic characteristics of cancer in residents from this district were analyzed. RESULTS The total number of malignant cases of mortality was 2 848 in Dali in 2014. The crude mortality of malignant tumor was 80.00/10^5 , and the mortality standardized by Chinese population was 82.43/10^5 , accounting for 13.61% of total deaths in 2014. Malignant tumor mortality increased with the growth of age, and the mortality of malignant in male was significant higher than that in female. Malignant tumors morbidity in the top five were liw er cancer, lung cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer and esophageal cancer. The PYLL of cancer was 41 021 person years,PYLL rate was 11.52‰,and AYLL was 14.40 years. Liver cancer had the highest PYLL. CONCLUSIONS The mortality of cancer is high in Dali. The cancers of lung, liver, gastric,colorectal, and esophageal are the most common malignant tumors that severely impair local residents health and comprehensive preventions are needed.