动机访谈术结合同伴参与方式在青少年肥胖健康管理中的应用效果

Effect of motivational interviewing combined with peer participation on obesity management in adolescents

目的探讨采用动机访谈术结合同伴参与方式对青少年肥胖健康管理的效果。方法将100例单纯性肥胖青少年随机分为两组:传统管理组和同伴参与组(每组50例)。传统组接受传统健康管理;同伴参与组除接受传统健康管理外,还接受心理咨询师的动机访谈,且有同伴陪同参与整个健康管理过程。干预半年后比较两组体育锻炼行为、饮食行为以及人体成分分析指标的差异及综合干预效果。结果半年健康管理后,同伴参与组肥胖青少年在控制能量摄入、饮食结构调整、坚持中等及以上强度锻炼、瘦体重增加方面均优于传统组(P<0.05),体重、体脂含量、体重指数均低于传统组(P<0.05)。同伴参与组接受每周1次的多学科团队咨询指导次数全勤率高于传统组(89%vs 57%,P<0.05),且健康管理有效率高于传统组(83%vs 43%,P<0.05)。结论采用动机访谈术结合同伴参与方式对青少年肥胖健康管理能提高其减肥的依从性,改善综合干预减肥效果。

Objective To investigate the effect of motivational interviewing combined with peer participation on obesity management in adolescents. Methods A total of 100 adolescents with simple obesity were randomly divided into traditional management and peer participation groups（n=50 each）. The traditional management group received traditional health management. The peer participation group received motivational interviewing performed by psychological consultants combined with peer participation through the entire process in addition to traditional health management. The physical exercise, dietary behavior, differences in body composition parameters, and effect of comprehensive intervention were compared between the two groups after intervention for half a year. Results After the health management for six months, the peer participation group showed better improvements in the control of energy intake, adjustment of dietary structure, adherence to moderate/high intensity exercise, and increase in lean body mass compared with the traditional management group（P〈0.05）. The peer participation group had a significantly higher attendance rate for guidance and counseling performed by a multidisciplinary team once a week than the traditional management group（89% vs 57%; P〈0.05）, as well as a significantly higher response rate to health management than the traditional management group（83% vs 43%; P〈0.05）. Conclusions Motivational interviewing combined with peer participation for obesity management can improve the compliance and the effect of comprehensive intervention in losing weight in adolescents.