乾隆以工代赈思想产生源流考

On Origins of the Conception of ‘Offering People Jobs Instead of Doling out Reliefs' by Emperor Qianlong

乾隆是我国古代以工代赈思想理论和实践的集大成者,其以工代赈思想既源于对前人相关思想成果的继承,更多的是对有关灾情、民情和国情等现实问题进行深层次思考的产物。作为乾隆荒政思想有机组成部分的以工代赈思想,也是他实现"持盈保泰"这一施政终极目标的思想成果之一。探讨乾隆以工代赈思想产生源流问题,有助于学界洞察和了解其形成轨迹和发展历程,进一步丰富我国工赈思想文化的理论宝库。

Emperor Qianlong is considered to be the greatest contributor to the conception of ‘offering people jobs instead of doling out reliefs'. His idea originated not only from the inheritance of the ideological achievements of his predecessors,but also from his insightful thinking about the realistic issues on the situations of the nature,the people and the nation. The idea of ‘offering people jobs instead of doling out reliefs' is known as an organic part of Qianlong 's political thinking,and also as one thinking achievement of his ultimate political objective of ‘maintaining one's position through restraint'. A tentative discussion on the origins of the idea of ‘offering people jobs instead of doling out reliefs' by Emperor Qianlong is helpful to the understanding of its evolution and development for the academic circle so as to further enrich the theories of the ancient ideological culture.