“头发”、“精灵”与“情人”——论《夺发记》的诗性语言及教诲意义

“Hair”,“Spirits” and “Lover”:the Poetic Language of The Rape of the Lock and Its Moral Teaching

蒲柏的《夺发记》不仅是一部仿英雄体讽刺史诗,同时还是一部充满教诲意义的叙事诗。本文通过对诗歌中的三种象征性"话语"——"头发"、"精灵"以及"情人"展开论述,认为:"头发"的隐喻被赋予了一定的社会意蕴,喻指当时英国上流社会颠倒和堕落的价值观和道德观;"精灵"影射女主人公贝林达轻浮、做作和虚伪的道德本质以及傲慢、过度和放纵的道德缺陷;而诗歌中的"情人"则暗中讽刺贝林达以及所属上流社会人们爱情观和价值观的混淆和退化。《夺发记》的作者借助于诗性语言的创造性能量,将审美与教诲的双重目的植入"陌生化"的语言中,使读者在不知不觉中认同诗歌中所隐含的秩序观念以及对理性的诉求。

The Rape of the Lock is not only a mock-heroic epic but also a narrative poem with moral teaching. By explicating the three symbolic discourses in the poem, which are, ＂Hair＂, ＂Spirits＂ and ＂Lover＂, the paper comes to argue that ＂Hair＂ is endowed with social implications, satirizing the perverted and corrupted ethical values of the upper class then; ＂Spirits＂ indicate the levity, coquettishness and hypocrisy of Belinda and her pride, intemperance and extremeness in relation to morality; and ＂Lover＂ suggests the confusion and degeneration of the ethical values of Belinda and her upper class kinsman. In virtue of the creative power of the poetic language, the author embeds aesthetic taste and instruction in the de-familiarized language, making readers unconsciously identify with the notion of order and the pursuit for reason.