《国朝八家四六文钞》与《国朝骈体正宗》的编选、批评旨趣及影响

The Compilation,Criticism Purport and Influence of Eight Great Masters' Four-six Parallel Prose Collectanea of Qing Dynastyand Authentic Texts of Parallel Prose of Qing Dynasty

清嘉庆以降出现多种以清当代骈文为选录对象的骈文选本,其中以《国朝八家四六文钞》与《国朝骈体正宗》最为著名。从选本编选来看,这两部选本在选家身份、作品选录、编选目的等方面都具有较为明显的特点;从批评旨趣来看,它们肯定骈文地位、剖析骈文弊病、提出骈文创作主张,具有较为重要的理论意义;从注本、评本、续书,以及相关评论来看,这两部选本在后世都产生了较为广泛的影响。《国朝八家四六文钞》与《国朝骈体正宗》都出现于嘉庆早期,堪称清当代骈文选本的典范之作,直接影响了其后此类选本的编选,对清中期以后骈文理论和创作的发展也具有一定意义。

Since Emperor Jiaqing＇ s reign of the Qing Dynasty, various parallel prose anthologies whose materials originated from the contemporary parallel prose of Qing Dynasty came out. Among these anthologies, Eight Great Masters ＇~ Four-six Parallel Prose Collectanea of Qing Dynasty and Authentic Text of Parallel Prose of Qing Dynasty are the most famous. Judging from the compilation of these two anthologies, they shared some quite obvious characteristics in the status of the authors, the excerpts of the works and the purposes of the compilation. As for the criticism purport, they attached due importance to the status of parallel prose, dissected its maladies and put forward their opinions of creating parallel prose, bringing about great theoretical significance. What＇s more, judging from their annotated version, comment version, sequels and relative comments, these two anthologies had great impacts on the later ages. Both the two anthologies came out in the early period of Jiaqing, and this made them the paragons of parallel prose anthologies in the Qing Dynasty. They had direct influences on similar compilation of the anthologies, and were of great significance to the development of theories and creation of parallel prose after the middle period of the Qing Dynasty.