身份认知差异与中美关系中的南海问题

Cognitive Differences in Identity and the South China Sea Issue in Sino-US relations

关于国家身份的认知差异是导致中美在南海问题上矛盾不断的重要原因。由于中国的快速崛起和美国的相对衰弱,近年来美国表现出明显的"霸权焦虑"症状。由于中美之间存在难以化解的结构性矛盾,美国把中国视为最主要的战略竞争对手。在南海问题上,美国不但无视中国的善意和克制,而且接二连三地向中国发出挑衅。与此同时,中国维护国家利益的合法行为却被美国视为中国挑战美国霸权的证据。由于中国坚持走和平发展的道路,中美南海博弈目前仍处于"斗而不破"的可控状态。

The cognitive differences in national identity are an important cause leading to continuous disputes between China and the US on the issue of the South China Sea. Due to China's rapid rise and the relative decline of the United States in recent years,the United States shows a clear symptom of 'hegemony anxiety'. Because of structural contradictions that are difficult to resolve between China and the US,the United States sees China as the main strategic competitor. On the South China Sea issue,the United States not only ignores China 's goodwill and restraint,but also launched provocations against China one after another. At the same time,China 's lawful acts to maintain national interests are seen by the United States as evidence of China to challenge US hegemony instead. Because China insists on the road of peaceful development,the struggle between China and the US in the South China Sea is still in a controllable state of 'fighting without breaking up'.