曲靖市2012-2014年麻疹病例流行病学特征及免疫史状况分析

Analysis for Measles Epidemiological Characteristics and Immunization History Status in Qujing City in 2012-2014

目的了解曲靖市2012—2014年麻疹病例流行病学特征及免疫史状况，为消除麻疹策略提供依据。方法对麻疹病例流行病学特征及免疫史状况进行描述流行病学分析。结果2012—2014年曲靖市监测系统报告的麻疹病例数分别为150例、330例、10例，报告发病率分别为2．21／10万、5．15／10万、0．16／10万；2012—2014年麻疹发病主要集中在〈7岁儿童，占88．98％；〈8月龄占41．02％、8月龄～1岁占35．10％、2～6岁占12．86％、7～14岁占2．04％、15～19岁占0．2％、〉20岁8．78％；在免疫规划覆盖范围8月龄～30岁人群病例中，未免疫占56．83％、免疫1次19．06％、免疫2次及以上6．47％、免疫史不详17．63％。结论冬季是麻疹的发病高峰季节；〈7岁儿童是麻疹发病的高危人群；接种MV后少部分儿童依然可能发病；1岁内婴儿发病率最高，应重视医院内感染的预防控制和加强麻疹病例及密切接触者的管理。

Objective To study the epidemiological characteristics of measles cases and immunization history in Qujing city in 2012-2014, provide the basis for measles elimination strategy. Methods Analysis of epidemiology characteristics and immunization history of measles cases.Results The measles cases reported by the monitoring system in Qujing in 2012-2014 were 150, 330, 10, reported incidence rates were 2.21/100 000, 5.15/100 000, 0.16/100 000; The measles cases were mainly concentrated in the children under 7 years of age in 2012-2014, accounted for 88.98%; Less than 8 months accounted for 41.02%,8 months to 1 year old was 35.1%, 2-6 years old was 12.86%, 7-14 years old was 2.04%, 15-19 years old was 0.2%, over 20 years of age was 8.78%; In the case of 8 months-30 years old population in the area in immunization coverage, not immune was 56.83%, immunity 1 was 19.06%, immune 2 and above was 6.47%, 17.63% 17.63% vaccination history is unknown. Conclusion Winter was the peak season for measles; children under the age of 7 were at high risk for measles population; A few children still may have the disease after inoculation with MV; The infants within 1 year old have the highest incidence, We should pay attention to the prevention and control of nosocomial infection and enhance the management of measles cases and close contacts.